Friends of funC language subcategory C language? Are there any Persian-language training? Is language hard to learn? I don't have any background and I don't know the programming language is it appropriate to start a language?

Apart from the official documentation, I haven't found training material yet. I feel so difficult.

Even the English sources are weak.

i couldnt agree more

😬

If you are just starting to learn programming, TON is probably not for you. I would suggest more convenient ways.

How to understand asm "21 PUSHINT"

Like "return 21;"

got it. just like const op = 21;

yeah, but more optimized

I looked at the documentation, but still don't understand what flags are. And why do &1? What does 1 stand for?

https://ton.org/docs/#/smart-contracts/messages?id=message-layout

It's 1 if flag bounced is turned on.

means least significant bit is true. For these flags it is "bounced" bit

So the first four bits represent whether the rebound bit, return 0 or 1

1 means true , &1 means only optimized writing

right?

😐

🧐

Oh, sorry for confusing.
I meant that int op::mint() asm "21 PUSHINT"; is more optimized than
int op::mint() { return 21; }

Each bit of those 4 has its own meaning. we need only the last one. & is something like bitwise comparison with some mask. 1 here is because we need the last bit. 2 would mean the second least and 4 the third an 8 the fourth.

Though I never used such an obscure syntax, so I might be wrong here

You don't have to read 6 bytes.

This is from the documentation, so I don't quite understand

Last 2 bytes mean "null address".

You are reading flags from in_msg_full, while other params are read from in_msg_body

First bit is for tag, always 0. Second is for ihr, then bounceable, then bounced bit and the last two are for blank source address

This example contains more information:
var msg = begin_cell()
.store_uint(0, 1) ;; tag
.store_uint(1, 1) ;; ihr_disabled
.store_uint(1, 1) ;; allow bounces
.store_uint(0, 1) ;; not bounced itself
.store_slice(source)
.store_slice(destination)
;; serialize CurrencyCollection (see below)
.store_coins(amount)
.store_dict(extra_currencies)
.store_coins(0) ;; ihr_fee
.store_coins(fwd_value) ;; fwd_fee
.store_uint(cur_lt(), 64) ;; lt of transaction
.store_uint(now(), 32) ;; unixtime of transaction
.store_uint(0, 1) ;; no init-field flag (Maybe)
.store_uint(0, 1) ;; inplace message body flag (Either)
.store_slice(msg_body)
.end_cell();

got it thank u bro. so flags === 0110 , so flags & 1 === false

yep.

need to learn to understand block.tlb

I completely agree but it may be too complicated in the beginning.

Anyway, I highly recommend to read this paragraph: https://ton.org/docs/#/smart-contracts/messages?id=message-layout

How Contract B interacts with Contract A. That is how to pass data to Contract A

Contracts may interact between each other with messages.

yep i know. But how to pass the message to Contract A?

var msg = begin_cell()
.store_uint(0x10, 6)
.store_slice(contract_a_address)
.store_coins(msg_value)
.store_uint(0, 1 + 4 + 4 + 64 + 32 + 1 + 1)
.store_uint(my_op_code(), 32)
.store_uint(my_query_id, 64)
;; my custom data

send_raw_message(msg.end_cell(), 1);

I seem to understand. Through the store_slice method, a message is sent, and then the message is received in the recv_internal() of the Contract A contract.

Exactly.

got it. thank u bro,

So this in_msg_full is used to receive the delivered message?

full contains an entire message (with all flags and other metadata), in_msg_body contains only message body (in this case. it starts with my_op_code()).

clear. thanks so much bro.